TOBACCO –A KILLER SHOUL BE BANNED –NO TOBACCO DAY
Posted by Dr. Dewat Ram Nakipuria on Friday, 31st May 2013
TOBACCO –A KILLER SHOUL BE BANNED –NO TOBACCO DAY.----******@gmail.com
Smoking, the act of inhaling and exhaling the fumes of burning plant material. A variety of plant materials are smoked, including marijuana and hashish, but the act is most commonly associated with tobacco as smoked in a cigarette, cigar, or pipe. Tobacco contains nicotine, an alkaloid that is addictive and can have both stimulating and tranquilizing psychoactive effects. The smoking of tobacco, long practiced by American Indians, was introduced to Europe by Christopher Columbus and other explorers. Smoking soon spread to other areas and today is widely practiced around the world despite medical, social, and religious arguments against it.
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CANCER OF LUNG AFTER TOBACCO SMOKING
Banning tobacco advertising and sponsorship is one of the most cost-effective ways to reduce tobacco consumption, according to the World Health Organisation (WHO).
“A comprehensive ban on all tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship could decrease tobacco consumption by an average of about 7 per cent, with some countries experiencing a decline in consumption of up to 16 per cent,” said Dr Samlee Plianbangchang, WHO Regional Director for Southeast Asia.
“Our efforts should focus on preventing the youth from being exposed to all forms of tobacco advertisement, promotion and sponsorship. Enforcement of a ban on sale of tobacco to minors should also be strengthened,” he added.
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NO CIGARETTE OR SMOKE OR BIRI
Smoking and health
At the dawn of the 20th century, the most common tobacco products were cigars, pipe tobacco, and chewing tobacco. The mass production of cigarettes was in its infancy, although cigarette smoking was beginning to increase dramatically. According to the ninth edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica (1888), tobacco products were suspected of producing some adverse health effects, yet tobacco was also considered to have medicinal properties. Many scholars and health professionals of the day advocated tobacco’s use for such effects as improved concentration and performance, relief of boredom, and enhanced mood.
By the dawn of the 21st century, in stark contrast, tobacco had become recognized as being highly addictive and one of the world’s most-devastating causes of death and disease. Moreover, because of the rapid increase in smoking in developing countries in the late 20th century, the number of smoking-related deaths per year was projected to rise rapidly in the 21st century. For example, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that in the late 1990s there were approximately four million tobacco-caused deaths per year worldwide. This estimate was increased to approximately five million in 2003 and six million in 2011 and was expected to reach eight million per year by 2030. An estimated 80 percent of those deaths were projected to occur in developing countries. Indeed, although tobacco use was declining in many countries of western Europe and North America and in Australia, it continued to increase in countries of Asia, Africa, and South America The tobacco epidemic is one of the biggest public health threats the world has ever faced. Mass media campaigns, graphic warnings and alternative crop options for tobacco growers can help stop or reduce the estimated 800,000-900,000 tobacco-attributable deaths per year in India, experts say.
According to Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) – India 2010, tobacco use is a major preventable cause of death and disease and is responsible for 1 in 10 death among adults worldwide. Approximately 5.5 million people die around the world every year – with India accounting for nearly a fifth of this..
Major health effects of tobacco product by type
product addiction1 heart disease lung cancer2 oral cancer chronic lung disease pregnancy problems
Cigarette +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++
Cigar ++ ++ ++ +++ ++ +
Pipe ++ ++ ++ +++ ++ +
Oral nonsmoked
(e.g., chewing tobacco) +++ + - +++ +
The primary constituents of tobacco smoke are nicotine, tar (the particulate residue from combustion), and gases such as carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. The effects of nicotine, tar, and carbon monoxide on health are summarized in the table.The main health effect of nicotine is its addictiveness. Carbon monoxide has profound, immediate health effects. It passes easily from the lungs into the bloodstream, where it binds to hemoglobin, the molecule in red blood cells that is responsible for the transfer of oxygen in the body. Carbon monoxide displaces oxygen on the hemoglobin molecule and is removed only slowly. Therefore, smokers frequently accumulate high levels of carbon monoxide, which starves the body of oxygen and puts an enormous strain on the entire cardiovascular system.
Health effects of primary smoke constituents
substance addiction cancer heart disease lung disease pregnancy problems
Nicotine +++ - ++ +
Carbon monoxide - - +++ ++ +++
Tar (particulate residue) + +++ ++ +++ undetermined
The harmful effects of smoking are not limited to the smoker. The toxic components of tobacco smoke are found not only in the smoke that the smoker inhales but also in environmental tobacco smoke, or secondhand smoke—that is, the smoke exhaled by the smoker (mainstream smoke) and the smoke that rises directly from the smoldering tobacco (sidestream smoke). Nonsmokers who are routinely exposed to environmental tobacco smoke are at increased risk for some of the same diseases that afflict smokers, including lung cancer and cardiovascular disease.
Health consequences of smoking
ADDICTION
A major health effect common to all forms of tobacco use is addiction, or, more technically, dependence. Addiction is not lethal in its own right, but it contributes to tobacco-caused death and disease, since it spurs smokers to continue their habit, which repeatedly exposes them to the toxins in tobacco smoke. Although there are many historical accounts of the apparent ability of tobacco use to escalate into an addiction for some smokers, it was not until the 1980s that leading health organizations such as the Office of the Surgeon General in the United States, the Royal Society of Canada, and WHO formally concluded that cigarettes are highly addictive on the basis of their ability to deliver large doses of nicotine into the lungs, from which blood quickly carries it to the brain.
Tolerance—greater amounts of nicotine are needed in order to experience the same effect. Typically, when tolerance has developed and nicotine intake has increased, the body becomes physiologically dependent on nicotine, and any abrupt abstinence from smoking will trigger withdrawal symptoms. These symptoms include impaired ability to concentrate, irritability, weight gain, depressed mood, anxiety, difficulty sleeping, and persistent cravings. The symptoms typically peak within a few days and subside within a month. However, the experience varies from person to person, and, for some, powerful cravings can persist for years.
Nicotine’s ability to help tobacco users control their mood and appetite and sustain their attention when working undoubtedly contributes to the persistence of tobacco use. Some of these effects interact with physical dependence. For example, increased exposure to nicotine can increase physical dependence and thereby make the effects of withdrawal stronger. During withdrawal, resumption of smoking provides rapid relief of withdrawal effects. This reaction may lead the smoker to believe that smoking in itself enhances mood and performance, when in reality the effect is mainly that of reversing the withdrawal symptoms.
Methods to control Tobacco consumption in our country & current status:-----------
“Glamorisation of smoking” impacts young people, but counter messages during smoking scenes in films help in discouraging people.It is believed that if celebrities are shown smoking, it influences impressionable minds. To counter that, a new law mandating a disclaimer about the evils of tobacco use has to be flashed while showing smoking scenes in films or on television. “A brief interview of those who were addicted to tobacco or cigarettes should be shown instead of the same old images.,filmmakers can attach clippings of celebrities talking about the harmful effects of tobacco with their films. The government needs to convince farmers to not grow tobacco. They should be given incentives for growing other crops. This should be done gradually otherwise there will be a rise in farmer suicides. According to a study conducted by HRIDAY, the current use of tobacco is five times higher in students who were highly receptive to tobacco advertising than those who were least receptive. In India more than 5,000 youth initiate tobacco use every day.
The tobacco industry spends crores of rupees every year to market its lethal products by using sophisticated and covert forms of advertising and promotion sponsorship. It links its products with success, fun and glamour, a health minister said on World Tobacco Day. “We cannot indefinitely tolerate a public health hazard in the name of protecting livelihoods,” the minister said after releasing GATS – India 2010.
Later the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI), the apex body to ensure food quality in the country, under its Food Safety and Standards (Prohibition and Restrictions on Sales) Regulations, 2011 restricted the use of products that contain any substance that may be injurious to health.
Its immediate effect was when Madhya Pradesh banned gutka and pan masala. Kerala, Mizoram, Gujarat, Bihar, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Haryana, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Delhi soon followed and most recent to join the list is Tamil Nadu.
An anti-tobacco group on Thursday expressed “shock” over West Bengal chief minister Mamata Banerjee’s joke asking people to smoke more, so more revenue could be garnered to compensate investors of the collapsed Saradha chit fund.
“This is a great discouragement for those working in the area of public health,” said Bhavna Mukhopadhyay, executive director, Voluntary Health Association of India.
Mukhopadhyay said West Bengal chief minister announced a 10 per cent tax hike on cigarettes. “Higher prices discourage youth from initiating cigarette smoking and encourage current smokers to quit, but such a move should certainly not be accompanied by suggestions that people should use more tobacco.”
The Supreme Court on Wednesday directed 23 states and five union territories to file status report on the implementation of the notification issued by them banning the sale of gutka and pan masala containing tobacco or nicotine.The apex court bench of Justice G S Singhvi and Justice Kurien Joseph also directed the remaining states and union territories to explain the reasons why they had not imposed the ban and the time needed to do so.
The court passed the order after Additional Solicitor General Indira Jaising brought to its notice a circular issued by the union health and family welfare ministry in August 2012 asking the states to ban gutka (tobacco-laced areca nut pieces) and pan masala laced with tobacco and nicotine.But Nicotine and cigarette lobby & Pan Gtka lobby is so rich and of crores of rupees is playing a great role in its spread even by ban by bribing police,politicians,Bureaucrats and even hiring media and common people for not publishing stories against it,therefore in the country like us where corruption is ruling the country practical ban is still miles away so this great killer is killing innocent people like anything and one has to be alert onself to ban it otherwise we have to die as we are dying.
— with Shreya Nakipuria and 2 others.
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