Hypothyroidism refers to the underactive thyroid in which there is less production of thyroid hormone. Thyroid hormones are secreted by the thyroid gland, which is present in the front of the neck. The function of thyroid hormone is to influence and regulate metabolism and also protein synthesis among other functions. 

The exact cause for the development of hypothyroidism is not known, but it is known to develop due to some primary and secondary reasons. Primary causative factors such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, Atrophic thyroiditis, Congenital (absent or ectopic thyroid gland ), scleroderma, sarcoidosis may result in hypothyroidism disorder. The secondary causative factors responsible for hypothyroidism are hypopituitarism, hypothalamic diseases, and Isolated TSH deficiency.

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