Most People Think Of Pain As Resulting From Physical Injury Or Disease,but Psychological Factors Play A Huge Role In Pain Perception. Pain Is Intimately Tied To Brain Functions That Govern Behaviour And Decision Making, Including Expectation, Attention And Learning. Pain Makes One Feel Tired; It Is Mentally Draining, Making One More Irritable, Emotional And Unable To Remain Positive. It Is Hardly Surprising That As A Result, Things Can Rapidly Spiral Out Of Control. After All, If A Person Goes From Being Energetic, Fun-loving And Happy, To Being Edgy, Withdrawn And Lethargic Because Of The Pain, It Is Inevitable That Very Quickly Family & Social Relationships Begin To Change. An Employer Or Colleague Who Sees A Promising Employee Beginning To Look Tired, Stressed And Tearful, May Quickly Change Their Opinion About That Person’s Abilities To Cope. A Definition Of Pain Pain Is Not Easy To Define. In 1979, The International Association For The Study Of Pain(iasp) Published Its First Working Definition Of Pain: “an Unpleasant Sensory And Emotional Experience Associated With Actual Or Potential Tissue Damage, Or Described In Terms Of Such Damage.” This Definition Emphasizes Not Just The Sensory Nature Of Pain And Its Relation To Tissue Injury, But Also Its Unpleasant Emotional Component And The Fact That It Can Be Felt Just The Same Without An Obvious Cause. The Definition’s Significance Is Exemplified By Pain Lasting Beyond The Point Of Tissue Repair (spinal Cord Injuries) Or Appear Without Tissue Damage (migraines) Or Be Felt By Stimuli That Do Not Normally Evoke Pain, Like Lightly Touching The Skin (post Herpetic Neuralgia). So There Is Much More To Pain Than A Simple Sensory Process. Psychogenic Pain Psychogenic Pain, Also Called Psychalgia Or Somatoform Pain Is Pain Caused, Increased, Or Prolonged By Mental, Emotional, Or Behavioral Factors. Headache, Back Pain, And Stomach Pain Are Sometimes Diagnosed As Psychogenic. Sufferers Are Often Stigmatized, Because Both Medical Professionals And The General Public Tend To Think That Pain From A Psychological Source Is Not “real”. However, Specialists Consider That It Is No Less Actual Or Hurtful Than Pain From Any Other Source. “the Term ‘psychogenic’ Assumes That Medical Diagnosis Is So Perfect That All Organic Causes Of Pain Can Be Detected; Regrettably, We Are Far From Such Infallibility… All Too Often, The Diagnosis Of Neurosis As The Cause Of Pain Hides Our Ignorance Of Many Aspects Of Pain Medicine.” Ronald Melzack, 1996. Why Visit A Psychologist For Pain? One Might Wonder “why Consult A Psychologist If I Have Pain? Are You Telling That The Pain Is All In My Brain?” In One Word, No! Pain Is Seldom, If Ever Exclusively Psychologically Caused. However, The Mind And The Body Are Tied Together In Physiological & Philosophical Terms, And The Mind Can Either Be Of Incredible Help In Healing Or Can Be An Overwhelming Obstacle. Consulting A Psychologist Certainly Does Not State That The Pain Is All In The Person’s Brain, As Unfortunately Some Clients Have Been Advised By Physicians Unable To Establish The Physical Basis Of The Pain. How Can Psychology Help? Psychology May Reverse Some Of The Impact Of The Pain Giving People A Greater Sense Of Control, Reducing Anxiety, Whilst Improving Memory, Concentration And Self-esteem. The Aim Is To Help People Work Out How To Live Their Life As Normally And In The Most Satisfying Way Possible, Despite The Pain. The Psychologist Will Not Tell How To Live One’s Life- After All You Are The Best Expert On How To Be Yourself. Our Role Is To Help One Explore And Discover What Things In Life Are Important And Meaningful, And What Factors Past And Present Stand In The Way Of Regaining Control Of His Or Her Life. Psychologists Assess And Treat Individuals Coping With Chronic Pain. Assessment Often Involves Examination Of Coping Skills And Looking For The Presence Of Depression, Post-traumaticstress And Other Disorders Which Can Occur In Chronic Pain And Traumatic Injuries. Psychologists Employ Treatment Strategies Such As Muscle Relaxation And Cognitive-behavioural Approach To Help Manage Pain And Improve Functioning. Chronic Pain Causes Disruption Of Self-esteem, Occupational & Family Roles. Stress Reactions And Pain Cause The Mind & Body To Become Aroused And Ready For Action. Increased Emotional And Physical Tension Accompany This State Which May Become Chronic, Resulting In Further Increased Pain, Reduction Of Function And Increased Risk Of Anxiety & Depression. Chronic Pain Sufferers May Find It Difficult To Focus On Things Other Than Their Pain, And Lose Access To The Satisfying Things They Previously Enjoyed. Others May Find It Difficult To Reduce Their Expectations And May Overdo Activities Resulting In Further Injuries Or A Cycle Of Overwork And Disability. Relaxation Therapy Along With Cognitive Behaviour Therapy Is Our First Line Of Treatment, Along With Medical Interventions. It Is Customized To One’s Individual Needs, And May Include: Relaxation Training Cognitive Restructuring Stress Management Sleep Hygiene Activity Pacing Coping Strategies & Assertiveness Training The Psychological Interventions Which We Provide At Axon Pain Management Are Highly Effective In Reducing Pain, Disability And Distress, With A Positive Impact On Your Quality Of Life. About The Author: Dr Johnsey Thomas Is A Registered Practitioner Of Clinical Health Psychology In Hyderabad – India, Associated With Axon Pain Management. He Deals With A Wide Range Of Problem Areas, With A Passion For Working With People Suffering From Pain. He Mentions Chronic Pain As One Of The Most Demanding Problem People Come Across With, Which Can Devastate Lives In Terms Of Work, Activities And Relationships

As A Counsellor, I Am Fortunate (?) To Experience A Varied Gamut Of Human Relationships Through The Cases That Come To Me For Therapy.one Such Case Was That Of A Young Adolescent Boy, Who Was Referred To Me For Academics, As Well As Behavioural Issues. On Meeting The Boy, He Seemed Compliant Enough For The Questions And Answered Them Willingly, But I Could Sense Intense Rage Within Him. On Probing, I Found That His Primary Anger Was Directed Against His Mother. Reason? She Insults Him In Front Of His Uncle And The Servant! The Mother Looked Surprised That This Was A Topic Of Dissent With The Boy. Her Logic Was That If He Is Scolded In Front Of Someone Else, Then He Would Learn To Behave Better. When I Asked Her What Her Expectations Were She Had Only One Thing To Say: I Want Him To Respect Elders.i Found Her Need To Be Very Amusing… Considering She Was Using Humiliation As A Tool To Discipline Her Son.everybody Has This Need In Them To Be Respected, Whether Young Or Old. How Could The Mother Expect The Child To Develop A Sense Of Respect And Reverence, When Everytime She Would Deride And Belittle Him Not Only In The Privacy Of Their Home But Also In Public? It Is, According To Me, The Lowest Form Of Disciplining Tactics, Which Would Have The Person At The Receiving End Seething Inside With Humiliation. I Remember, When I Was Working In A Publication Firm, We Would Have This Monthly Meetings, Which Were Called “hall Of Shame”. The Names Of All Those Editors Who Had Not Met Their Targets Would Be Written On The Board, And They Would Be Asked For Detailed Feedbacks And Explanations. This Could Also Be Done In The Cabins Of The Senior Professionals, But I Think They All Got A Perverse Pleasure, Seeing Them Squirm In Front Of An Audience. What Irreparable Damage Was Being Done To The Psyche Of The Person, I Dread To Think. A Personal Memo Calling The Person Filthy Names Is So Much Better Than This Public Flogging. Coming Back To The Case, When I Started Handling The Issues With The Mother, I Could Understand Where She Was Coming From. She Was A Perfectionist, And Theirs Was The Most Passive Marriage I Have Ever Seen! When Asked If She Expected Others To Respect Her As A Person And Her Opinions, She Wanted To Know What I Was Talking About! For The Husband, She Was Just A Wife; One Who Took Care Of His Physical And Biological Needs. He Could Not Describe The Person That She Was: Her Identity Was That She Was His Wife. She Was Labelled A Bad Mother Because Her Son Did Not Behave ‘properly’. So To Get Social Approval She Was Being Punitive With The Son. Her Life Revolved On Social Approvals. She Could No Longer Establish Her Own Identity, And Establishing The Importance Of Being Herself Became The Focus Of Counselling. She Was Gradually Able To Understand That You Do Not Demand Respect; You Command It. And You Can Only Teach How To Respect If You Practise It. The Point Took A While To Sink In; But When She Was Able To Withdraw From The Controlling Relationship, And Also Refused To Take Responsibility For Her Son’s Misbehaviour, And Refuse To Accept The Label Of Being A ‘bad Mother’ Simply Because He Misbehaved, Things Started Turning Around. When People Around Realised That She Was Not Accepting The Blame For His Behaviour, They Started Handling The Boy Differently; And He Too, In Subsequent Sessions Was Able To Understand The Scenario. Sessions Are Still On; The Husband Continues To Be Passive, Though He Is Beginning To Think There Is More To A Marriage Than Just Staying Together, And Is Slowly Willing To Enrich The Relationship.it Is Not ‘all Is Well’ As Yet…. But I Hope It Would Be.mohana Narayanan

Discover The Secrets To Become Fertile Dr Paras Shah Chief Consultant Sexologist & Fertility Specialist Sal Hospital Rajasthan Hospitalwww.s4sq.com "so, When Are You Planning To Have A Baby?" This Is The Commonest Question Most Newly Married Couples In India Are Asked - Sometimes Even As Soon As They Have Returned From The Honeymoon! There Is A Lot Of Pressure On Couples To Have A Baby, Especially In Traditional Families, Where The Wife's Role Is Still Seen To Be One Of Perpetuating The Family Name By Producing Heirs. Many Couples Still Naively Expect They Will Get Pregnant The Very First Month They Try (the Result Of Watching Too Many Hindi Films, Perhaps!) And Are Concerned When A Pregnancy Does Not Occur. They Go Through A Brief Interlude Of Doubt And Concern When They Do Not Achieve Pregnancy The Very First Month They Try And Start Wondering About Their Fertility. Like A Surprising Number Of Couples These Days You've Been Hit With A Bolt Out Of The Blue... You're Infertile. Whether You're Newly Diagnosed Or Have Been Dealing With The Discovery For A While Now, What You Learn Here Will Make All The Difference In Whether You Ever Hear Your Own Child Call You "dad Or Mummy". Before Worrying, Remember That In A Single Menstrual Cycle, The Chance Of A Perfectly Normal Couple Achieving A Successful Pregnancy Is Only About 25%, Even If They Have Sex Every Single Day. Getting Pregnant Is A Game Of Odds - It's A Bit Like Playing Russian Roulette And It's Impossible To Predict When An Individual Couple Will Get Pregnant! However, Over A Period Of A Year, The Chance Of A Successful Pregnancy Is Between 80 And 90%, So That 7 Out Of 8 Couples Will Be Pregnant Within A Year. These Are The Normal "fertile" Couples - And The Rest Are "labeled" Infertile - The Medical Text Book Definition Of Infertility Being The Inability To Conceive Even After Trying For A Year. Like More Than Ten Million Other Indians, Rakesh And Jolly Desperately Wanted A Baby But Couldn't Seem To Conceive. After A Consultation, They Were Sent Home With Doctor's Orders: Have Sex When Jolly Was Most Fertile, And Have It Often. While That May Sound Like A Dream Come True, Infertile Couples Like The Priya Say It Can Be Stressful. "i Didn't Want To Be One Of Those Women Tapping On Her Watch, Saying 'now' At The Bedroom Door," Says Jolly, "so I Tried To Be Seductive In Creative Ways." They Both Put More Emphasis On Foreplay, For Instance, So They Didn't View Each Other Simply As An Egg Manufacturer And A Sperm-delivery Guy. "i'd Try To Think Of My Husband As A Sexy Man, Not Just The Guy Who Didn't Get Me Pregnant," Says Jolly. "sometimes, Before Intercourse, I'd Focus On Some Physical Aspect Of Him That I Particularly Adore, And That Would Turn Me On." Obviously, It Worked -- The Priyas' Daughter, Vidhi, Is Now Three. The Stopwatch Mentality Sex Can Become Tedious When They Have To Time Intercourse To Accommodate Numerous Lab Tests Or Maximize Their Chances Of Success. Spontaneity Can Be Replaced With Sex As A Compulsory Act Sex On A Schedule. Besides This Timetable Pressure, There Can Be Loss Of Self-esteem (if, For Instance, The Woman Feels Like A Failure For Not Becoming Pregnant) And The Financial Burden Of Fertility Treatments. But Through It All, There Are Ways To Minimize The Toll. How Women And Men Respond First, A Couple Should Understand That Each Of Them Tends To React A Bit Differently, Experts Say. "a Woman In This Situation May Feel Alienated From Her Body, So It May Be Hard For Her To Feel Sexual," Says Dr Archana Shah, Consultant Gynecologist And Fertility Specialist, Rajasthan Hospital, Ahmedabad. "she May Feel Like Little More Than A Set Of Ovaries And Even Begin Asking Herself, 'what's The Point Of Having Sex If I'm Not Getting Pregnant?' " Lack Of Desire, In Turn, Can Decrease Natural Lubrication, Making Sex Painful, Dr Archana Says, And Resulting In Even Less Sex. In Addition, A Man May Feel Like Nothing More Than A Sperm Donor And Become So Distanced That He Has Difficulty Achieving Erection Or Orgasm. Some Men Even Fake Orgasm To Get Sex Over With. Relieving The Pressure Both Partners Should Avoid Getting Into "performance" Mode. It Can Help To Realize That The Window Of Opportunity For Conception Stays Open Longer Than What Is Suggested In Movies, Where Characters Often Engage In Lunch-hour Sex In Order To Conceive While The Woman Is Fertile. Sperm Can Live In The Cervical Mucus For About Two Days Before Ovulation, According To Dr Archana. In General, Infertile Couples Are Advised To Have Intercourse Between 12th And 18th Day Of Her Period, If Possible Every Other Day. These Are The Fertile Days For Her. Simply Stated, The More Sex The Better! Couples Who Have Intercourse Less Frequently, Have A Diminished Chance Of Conceiving. I Tell All My Patients – It’s Much More Fun Making A Baby In Your Bed Room Than Coming To Me! (and Think Of All The Money You’ll Be Saving – It’s Like Being Paid To Make Love To Your Wife !) Also Remember That You Cannot "store Up" Sperm, Which Means That There Is Really No Advantage To Abstaining From Sex If You Are Trying To Conceive. In This Case, More Is Better, And In Fact Studies Have Shown That Fresh Sperm Have A Better Chance Of Achieving A Pregnancy Than Sperm Which Have Been Stored Up For Many Days. However, Sex Shouldn't Be Confined To The Time Of Fertile Days. Unless Instructed Otherwise By Their Doctor, Couples Should Make Love Throughout The Month, Not Just When They Think They Might Conceive. That Might Help Them Separate Sex From Conception And Sex Will Become A Natural Part Of Life Again. Sex As Recreation, Not Just Procreation Thinking Of Sex Not As A Chore But As Fun, The Way It Used To Be, Can Help. "we Did Our Best To Have A Good Time -- Having Sex In Different Rooms, Different Positions And Go To Even Hill Station," Mahi Recalls. Couple Should Set A Romantic Mood With Things Like Shared Baths And Massages. It's Also A Good Time To Explore Sexual Fantasies And Erotica. If You Have Been Having Sexual Intercourse Two Or Three Times A Week At About The Time Of Ovulation, Without Any Form Of Birth Control For A Year Or More And Are Not Pregnant, You Meet The Definition Of Being Infertile. Pregnancy May Still Occur Spontaneously, But From A Statistical Point Of View, The Chances Are Decreasing And You May Now Want To Start Thinking About Seeking Medical Help. There Is No "right" Time To Do So And If It Is Causing You Anxiety And Worry, Then You Should Consult A Doctor. Even Though You May Be Embarrassed And Feel That You Are The Only Ones In The World With The Problem, You Are Not Alone. Many Couples Experience Infertility And Most Of Them Can Be Helped. Unfortunately, While Infertility Is Always An Important Problem, It Is Usually Never An Urgent One. This Often Means That Couples Keep On Putting Off Going To The Doctor. "we'll Take Care Of It Next Month". Tragically, Many Find That Time Flies, And Before They Realize It, Their Chances Of Getting Pregnant Have Started To Decline, Even Before They Have Had A Chance To Take Treatment Properly. Set Your Priorities, So That You Have Peace Of Mind That You Tried Your Best. After All, If You Don't Take Care Of Your Own Infertility Problem, Who Will ? Kicking Yourself When You Are 40 Years Old For Failing To Take Treatment When You Were Younger Will Not Help. Remember That Everything In Life Comes Back, Except For Time! Staying Positive And Looking Ahead To The Day Would Hold A Brand-new Family Member In Your Arms.