BONE MARROW TRANSPLANT USED TO TREAT LYMPHOMA OR BLOOD CANCER IN HIC PATIENTS HAS CURED PATIENTS OF HIV IN MANY STUDIES TILL NOW EVEN VIRUS NOT DETECTABLE IN LIVING SURVIVALS (MAY BE IN THEIR BRAIN ) AFTER PT STOPPED TREATMENT -SO DOES BONE MARROE A CURE FOR HIV? CERTAINLY NOT AS VERY COSTLY AND SUCH THERAPY IS DANGEROUS TOO AS CAUSES HIGH MORTALITY OR DEATHS SO IT IS NOT CURE FOR HIV- BUT YES PROVIDING MORE HINTS TO TREAT HIV IN HUMAN BEINGS.


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Two HIV-positive lymphoma patients who received bone marrow transplants to treat their cancer no longer have detectable virus in their blood cells — even after stopping antiretroviral therapy in recent weeks, researchers reported Wednesday at the International AIDS Society Conference in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
While saying it was too early to declare the men cured, Dr. Timothy Henrich and Dr. Daniel Kuritzkes, both of the division of infectious diseases at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, called the results “exciting” and said they would help guide scientists’ efforts to fight HIV.
But bone marrow transplants are highly unlikely to become a standard therapy for people with HIV, Henrich said in an interview with The Times.
The news arrives on the heels of several interesting cases where HIV has, apparently, been eradicated in infected patients. In 2007, Timothy Brown, the so-called Berlin Patient, received a bone marrow transplant to treat leukemia; his marrow donor had a mutation that provided resistance to the strain of HIV that Brown had. After a second transplant in 2008, his leukemia was gone. So was his HIV infection. He reportedly remains HIV-free.
In March 2013, doctors reported that a 2-year-old girl in Mississippi had been “functionally cured” of HIV after receiving unusually aggressive antiretroviral treatment shortly after her birth. The girl’s treatments were interrupted when her mother began missing medical appointments — but even after a five-month lapse in treatment, doctors couldn’t detect HIV in her blood.
The two patients in Boston, both men, had been HIV-positive for many years before developing lymphoma, a blood cancer that can be treated, and sometimes even cured, through bone marrow transplants — which essentially give patients new, healthier immune systems.
Like Brown, the men had bone marrow transplants, but of a different sort. The chemotherapy they received before their operations was gentler than that Brown had, leaving more of their original blood cells intact and allowing them to continue their antiretroviral drugs. The transplants they received were of normal cells that did not have the mutation that protects against HIV.
One of the men received his transplant about 4.5 years ago; the other, 2.8 years ago. (A third patient also received a transplant, but died of lymphoma.) At last year’s International AIDS Conference in Washington, Henrich and Kuritzkes reported that after the procedures, neither surviving man had HIV in his blood — but both had continued taking antiretroviral drugs to make sure the virus stayed at bay.
This year, both men dropped the drug regimen, with one patient stopping his medication 15 weeks ago and the other seven weeks ago. When the scientists screened the men’s blood again, collecting billions of cells, they found that the virus was still undetectable — they had achieved at least a 1,000- to 10,000-fold reduction in the virus in the blood.
The team also tested rectal tissue (a major reservoir for the HIV virus) from one of the patients. There, too, the virus was undetectable.
Henrich, who noted that the virus could still be lurking in the patients’ bodies — in brain tissue, for instance — said he was “of the camp where I don’t know if I will ever be able to say patients are cured,” but that if the men remained HIV-free for a year or two, “the chances of the virus coming back will be very small.”
That said, he added, it doesn't make sense to perform bone marrow transplants to treat HIV-positive people who don’t have cancer. There are many risks associated with the expensive procedure, with 15% to 20% of patients dying from complications from the treatment itself rather than their cancer, Henrich said.
“Unfortunately, it’s not going to be a practical strategy,” he said.
But he also said the data the team had gathered would help guide new strategies for eradicating the virus.
“It will help us figure out what’s going on in terms of viral persistence,” Henrich said. “How low do we need to get the viral counts? How can we use the immune system to fight it?”

The image of serpents wrapped around a staff is a familiar one in the medical field, decorating pharmaceutical packaging and hospitals alike. Snakes bites are generally bad news, and so the animal might seem ill-fitting as the symbol of the medical profession, but the ancient emblem actually has a quite a story behind it.

There are actually two versions of the symbol. The winged version is known as a caduceus, andthe stick is actually a staff that was carried by the Olympian god Hermes. In Greek mythology, Hermes was a messenger between the gods and humans (which explains the wings) and a guide to the underworld (which explains the staff). Hermes was also the patron of travelers, which makes his connection to medicine appropriate because, in the olden days, doctors had to travel great distances by foot in order to visit their patients.
In one version of Hermes' myth, he is given the staff by Apollo, the god of healing . In another version, he receives the staff from Zeus, the king of the gods, and it is entwined with two white ribbons. The ribbons were later replaced by serpents, as one story tells that Hermes used the stick to separate two fighting snakes , who then coiled around his staff and remained there in balanced harmony.

Another, earlier depiction of the medical symbol is the staff of Asclepius, thought it has no wings and only one snake. The son of Apollo and the human princess Coronis, Asclepius is the Greek demigod of medicine . According to mythology, he was able to restore the health of the sick and bring the dead back to life.

In one telling, Zeus killed Asclepius with a thunderbolt for disrupting the natural order of the world by reviving the dead, while another version states that Zeus killed him as punishment for accepting money in exchange for conducting a resurrection. After he died, Zeus placed Asclepius among the stars as the constellation Ophiuchus, or "the serpent bearer."

The Greeks regarded snakes as sacred and used them in healing rituals to honor Asclepius, as snake venom was thought to be remedial and their skin-shedding was viewed as a symbol of rebirth and renewal. Which is a good thing to keep in mind the next time you spot a medical alert bracelet featuring the seemingly sinister serpents.

ATIENT LISTENS EVEN HE IS UNCONSCIOUS OR COMA;-----------------

UNconsciouness is very much common now a days after head injury many patients goes in unconscious state or called medically as "coma" ,many diseases like advanced Diabetes,Brain Haemorrhages or stroke,renal ,cardiac and respiratory diseseas and in brain infections and tumors or in in last stage of life either due to advanced diseases or otherwise old age person becmoes unconscious.
Some time such COMA PERIOD MAY LAST FOR MONTHS OR YEARS and mostly we think in unconscious period doesnot listen us as he never obeys our command or respond to our query but this is not the case,he maynot respond but he listens and feels pain ,it has been prooved by medical study too as told in our ancient religious book Upnashidas.
So we should be careful before speaking either to person in cma or its surrounding or should not produce much sound as it may disturb and ma...
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