ROBOTIC DRILL MAKES NEUROSURGERY 50 TIMES FASTER 

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Scientists develop a new computer-driven robotic drill that can make a type of complex cranial surgery 50 times faster than standard procedures.A new computer-driven robotic drill that can make a type of complex cranial surgery 50 times faster than standard procedures has been developed by scientists including one of Indian origin. The automated drill, similar to those used in machine auto parts, produces fast, clean and safe cuts, reducing the time the wound is open and the patient is anaesthetised.

              This can decrease the incidence of infection, human error, and surgical cost, according to the findings published in the journal Neurosurgical Focus. To perform complex surgeries, especially cranial surgeries, surgeons typically use hand drills to make intricate openings, adding hours to a procedure.The automated drill reduces the time for bone removal from two hours using a hand drill to 2.5 minutes.It was like doing archaeology. We had to slowly take away the bone to avoid sensitive structures.

         First, the patient is imaged using a CT scan to gather bone data and identify the exact location of sensitive structures, such as nerves and major veins and arteries that must be avoided.Surgeons use this information to programme the cutting path of the drill. “The software lets the surgeon choose the optimum path from point A to point B, like Google Maps,” said Balaji.In addition, the surgeon can programme safety barriers along the cutting path within one millimetre (mm) of sensitive structures.

             The device also has an automatic emergency shut-off switch. During surgery, the facial nerve is monitored for any signs of irritation.”If the drill gets too close to the facial nerve and irritation is monitored, the drill automatically turns off,” Couldwell said.