Science of hair waving

Introduction
Since ancient cultures curly hair represented femininity and beauty. Women with straight hair purchased expensive wigs or spent hours for hair ondulation with water and heat, which was temporary.
Ÿ Permanent hair waving is a two-step chemical treatment modifying hair protein to achieve and retain a curly shape.
Ÿ The chemical treatment involves a thioglycolate reduction reaction that plasticizes hair while being wound on a rod. The following oxidation step with hydrogen peroxide reforms the hair in a new curly shape.
Ÿ Curl retention depends on hair thickness, rod diameter, and hair quality.
Ÿ Undesirable hair damage can occur with the wrong choice of perm and neutralizer, too much heat, incorrect processing time, or improper perm solution amount.

Chemophysical principles of hair waving

Because of hair�s great elasticity and strong resilient forces, it quickly resumes its original straight shape. Therefore it has to be softened and subsequently rehardened chemically to maintain a conformation change. Especially with permanent waving, it is important to select a reversible reaction to allow repeated treatments without hair destruction. The sulfur bridges of the amino acid cystine, linking the proteins, are best suited.
The conditions for permanent waving to be well tolerated are:

Low temperature (20-50�C), convection or contact heat;
ŸShort process time (5-30 minutes); and
Mildness to the skin.

A permanent wave occurs with two solutions:
Solution 1: the perming lotion, which contains a reducing agent, a �thiol� compound, designed to split off about 20-40% of hair cystine bonds.
Solution 2 : a fixing lotion, which contains an oxidizing agent, usually hydrogen peroxide, designed to rebuild cystine bridges between proteins at new sites in the curled hair shape. It must be emphasized that permanent waving is a two-step procedure where the chemical reaction and physical effects run in parallel reduction of disulfide-bonds, softening of hair, lateral swelling and length contraction, stress development and protein flow, then re-oxidation of cystin bonds and deswelling, fixation of a new curly shape.

Q1) Can you explain how sex (mind) thoughts come in brain

ANSWER-
1. our body secretes sex hormones. These are hormones that cause sexual changes in our body.
testosterone is male hormone, estrogen is female hormone.

when we are exposed to sexually arousing material. either visually, touch or even auditory.. these hormones start acting.

2. sex is one taboo topic in the society. Its also one which causes maximum gratification in the shortest span of time.
because of this taboo, the restless brain looks to think about it more and more, as the sense of gratification is easier.
unfortunately the guilt associated with it, causes more restlesness.

Q2) How it affects brain having sex thoughts

ANSWER - people with excess thought about sex either have extreme anxiety or obsessive compulsive thought problems regarding the same.
many of them also carry an inferiority complex, a shyness or extreme need to break free from society in their mind.

Continuous thinking about the same leads to increased restlessness. As the thought give rise to guilt in many cases.

A person needs to consult a proper counselor/psychiatrist to prevent his brain from continuously thinking about the same through out the day.

In many cases between 16-25yrs of age, men/women both are so engrossed about sex that they started relying on myths about it.

This creates a very negative picture of sex in their mind. This negative picture can lead to commit actions like, - multiple sexual partner, rape, having sex with more than one person at the same time, seeing sex only as the way of happiness. Thinking sexually about everyone they meet.

Q3) When Psychiatric medicine (please don't discuss other medicine concentrate only on psychiatric medicine) are taken, how do they effect sexual thought and sexual organs.

ANSWER - psychiatric medicines act on the part of the brain that is concerned with sex. and also the sexual organs.

a. many times, psychiatric medicines tend to decrease the restlessness and stress levels in the brain. so a persons improves in his/her sexual performance.

b. in many cases they increase the desire of having sex in both men and women.
as the desire might is sometimes masked by altered thought process.

c. medicines also help stop dangerous thoughts in individuals involved in sex with more than one partner at a time, individuals addicted to having sex, individuals who have altered sexual desires like anal sex, or hurting each other during the act.

d. in some cases psychiatric medicines might block some of the sexual sensations one gets, and this causes delayed ejaculation. this might be pleasurable for some.. and not for others.

(its important to understand that psychiatric medicines are not sleeping pills because its well known that many porn stars take psychiatric medications to improve their sexual performance... as viagra only causes erection.. but not pleasure)

Q4) Whether these medicine affects sperms in male or ovule in female or whether it affects the neuro transmitor which controls the sex thought

ANSWER - no effect on the sperms, ovum or sex organs.

Q5) What type of sexual problems Married couples have -

i normally get to meet couples with following problems -
a. male having erectile problem - so he cannt have proper ejaculation or ejaculate to early. Hence they are not able to perform in bed.

b. female having lack of sexual desire - females are afraid of sex, or have decreased sexual desire. Leading to lack luster performance in bed, and husband feels the act is not complete.

c. males having altered and aggresive sexual desires -
altered sexual tendencies like hurting the wife/husband during sex or after sex.
wife/husband swaping
anal sex
taking drugs like (cocaine, marijuana, or alcohol) before having sex

d. males or females with high sexual activity or sexual addiction - such individuals normally have more than one sexual partner. So they are not faithful to their spouses.
The need for sex is so high, that they spend time, money and emotions just to get as much sex as they can.
it is widely present in both males and females.
And soliciting comerical sex workers (male/female prostitutes) and having unprotected sex is leading to sexually transmitted disease.

e. males/females without knowledge of sex - they dont enjoy the procedure of sex as they have never been educated about the same. - they are just having sexual intercourse - not understanding the other phases of sex. hence soon they loose interest.

f. lack of sexual desire by both men and female.

g. male/female addicted to masturbation not interested in intercourse.

h. homosexuality in both males/females which is secretly explored creating a bi-sexual profile.

i. Sexually transmitted disease causing sexual performance issues. These disease are mostly contracted by multiple outside relationship sexual encounters.

Pain in the tail bone can frustrate, irritate and embrace many patients for getting the treatment. This condition can be curable and prevented if proper care is taken.
Any irritation (inflammation) of the bony area (tail bone) situated between the folds of the buttocks is referred as Coccydynia. The usual complaint is pain at the bottom region of the back on sitting.
It is usually caused by injury, during pregnancy, chronic pressure on the tail bone due to sitting for long hours as of in those involved in driving occupation. Sometimes tail bone pain occurs in patients with chronic constipation. In one third of the cases the cause is not known.
Coccydynia is usually diagnosed based on the typical complaints and sometimes by an x-ray. Clinician can diagnose by examination and eliciting tenderness at the local region. It is necessary to directly visualize the tailbone region to rule out other causes and any infection. Sometimes infection of the hair follicles at the tailbone region can mimic coccydynia.
This condition usually frustrate patients and impair the quality of life. Sometimes patients feel embarrassed to get the treatment.

Treatment is usually by activity modification, anti inflammatory medications and local injections. Surgery is rarely indicated in non responsive cases.
Since long hours of sitting may aggravate the condition, a modified padded cushion with cut out at the back could relieve the pressure on the coccyx. (Doughnut cushion). Pelvic floor exercises could help to get relief from pain. Use of stool softeners and laxatives in cases of constipated patients could help to relive pain. Seitz bath by sitting in tub of hot water may provide pain relief.
Oral anti inflammatory medications and local application of pain gels may tries to relive the symptoms. Local trigger injections with low dose steroid preparations will aid in complete relief in majority of cases. These local injections can be given by the doctor in the outpatient department. In rare case surgical treatment by removal of coccyx may be required in those cases not responding to conservative methods.

��..Oooch my back hurts Mom
There is a myth that we don�t get back pain till we grow and most of us think it is a disease of tired bone. In contrast kids and teenagers do get back pain. Many studies had shown that nearly half percentage of school going children are prone to have a sore back.
Because of the myth that back pain is very rare in children it is often over looked and labelled as growing pains. In fact, back pain in children needs even more careful evaluation and warrants examination by a specialist as chances of serious pathology is much more common in children than that in middle aged people.
Kids are least prone to put stresses on their back than the teenagers or adults and are less prone to Mechanical Back ache. On the other hand, teenagers who tend to be more aggressive in their activities, sports testing the limits of their bodies commonly get mechanical back symptoms.
What are the causes of back pain in kids and teenagers?
Developmental:
Spinal defects like minor defects in the vertebrae (spondylolysis), gross defects in some cases of spina bifida may cause back pain.
Mechanical:
Back pain caused by placing abnormal stress and strain on muscles of the vertebral column. The most common causes are poor posture, heavy school bags, poorly-designed seating, incorrect bending and lifting motions, exercises (not doing enough or over doing) and obesity.

Trauma or injury:
Often due to repetitive minor injuries like in sports or one major fall or accident.
Infection:
It is one of the causes in both kids and teenagers. Even though it is less common nowadays due to better nutrition, it is still a major problem. When the child is suffering from fever associated with sudden or repetitive back ache, swelling over the back, failure to thrive in kids, weakness in one or the other limbs suggest the possibility of infection in spine.
Tumours:
Any abnormal growing mass from the soft tissue, bone or nerves in the spinal column can cause back pain both in kids and teenagers.

Deformity:
Scoliosis and kyphosis are the 3 dimensional deformities of the spine. Unless they are gross they often get missed till late. This is because generally they are not associated with significant pain contrary to one�s expectations.
Miscellaneous:
Growing aches and pains are more common in teenagers than in kids and to be dealt accordingly.

Management:
If a child is suffering from back pain regularly appropriate management should be initiated. The threshold to investigate is much lower in kids as the chances of a serious pathology is higher in kids compared to the adults. But when pain seems to be due to mechanical reasons, attention to ergonomics in the school and avoidance of some sports etc are important. Now a days the problem is getting compounded due to obesity in children. Appropriate exercises to suit the individual child and swimming are always beneficial.
Red flag signs

 Patient under 20 years of age, more worrying under 4 yrs
 Symptoms persisting beyond 4 weeks
 Generally unwell, weight loss, failure to thrive
 Sudden pain & swelling on the back, with fever
 Night sweats
 Pain worse at night or over thoracic / whole spine
 Unsteady feet, numbness or pins / needle sensation of limbs
 New curvature/bends of the spine with pain
 Children on immuno suppression
 Trauma / injuries to back

WHY DO WE WRITE? DR. SHRINIWAS KASHALIKAR

It may be because;
1. We can not resit writing,
2. We have nothing else to do,
3. We are passionately keen to express and interact,
4. We want to share our passions, urges, feelings, hobbies, interests, ideas etc and get endorsement; and come together/organize/serve some mission,
5. We want to overcome loneliness,
6. We want to project or promote ourselves; and get accolades and gratify our ego,
7. We need emotional solace,
8. We have business interest,
9. We have all these reasons in different proportions,
10. We have other reasons, which we don't know

Be that as it may; expressing and sharing; TOTAL STRESS MANAGEMENT and NAMASMARAN; has been most fulfilling; even though occasionally met with skepticism, hostility, humiliation and condemnation.